How to use this page
Every formula from across the Knowledge Centre, on one page, grouped by discipline. This page is built for the field rather than for reading — each entry links back to the article that explains it, so bookmark this and follow the link when the context matters.
Signal and quality
RSRQ = (N × RSRP) / RSSI
N is the number of resource blocks in the measured bandwidth.
SINR ≈ RSRP / (RSSI − RSRP)
RSSI is wideband received power; the difference is everything unwanted.
Explained in RF fundamentals →
Propagation and noise
PL = 20·log₁₀(d) + 20·log₁₀(f) + 32.45
d in km, f in MHz.
N = −174 + 10·log₁₀(BW_Hz) + NF
Result in dBm. 10 MHz with 7 dB noise figure gives −97 dBm.
PL = 69.55 + 26.16·log₁₀(f) − 13.82·log₁₀(h_b) − a(h_m) + (44.9 − 6.55·log₁₀(h_b))·log₁₀(d)
f in MHz, heights in m, d in km.
Explained in RF fundamentals →
Link budget
EIRP = P_tx + G_ant − L_cable
dBm, dBi and dB respectively.
Sens = (−174 + 10·log₁₀(BW_Hz) + NF) + SINR_min
SINR_min is set by the target modulation.
MAPL = EIRP − Sensitivity − Margins
Margins: shadow fade, body, penetration, interference.
R = 10^((MAPL − A) / B) km
A and B come from the chosen propagation model.
Capacity
C = B × log₂(1 + SINR)
B in Hz, SINR as a linear ratio, not dB.
C_cell = BW × SE × N_streams
SE in bps/Hz; roughly 5–7 for LTE 2×2 MIMO.
N_users = Target cell throughput / Per-user rate
Dimension data to keep resource block use below 70–80%.
Explained in Coverage and capacity →
KPI
CSSR = RRC SR × E-RAB SR × 100%
Stages multiply — 99% × 99% = 98.01%.
DCR = Abnormal / (Succ setup + Abnormal) × 100%
Abnormal releases only; a normal release is not a drop.
HO SR = HO Exec Succ / HO Exec Att × 100%
Confirm the denominator held before reporting a rise.
VoLTE DCR = QCI 1 Abnormal / (QCI 1 Normal + Abnormal) × 100%
Filtered to QCI 1, or the voice problem stays hidden.
Explained in The four KPI pillars →
Voice specifics in VoLTE optimisation →
Mobility
Mn + CIO − Hys > Ms + Ofn + Ocs + Off
Mn neighbour, Ms serving, Off A3 offset, Hys hysteresis, CIO cell individual offset, Ofn and Ocs frequency and cell offsets. Time-to-trigger then requires the condition to persist.